Energy
Nigerian Refiners Struggle for Crude as Explorers Export 306m Barrels
Amidst domestic refiners in the Nigerian market struggling to meet crude requirements, their counterparts in the exploration end exported an estimated 306 million barrels of crude oil between January and October 2025.
This was detailed in a report from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).
The data reveal that while Nigeria produces substantial volumes of crude, the bulk of it is earmarked for export, leaving domestic refineries struggling to obtain adequate feedstock.
ALSO READ: Flouting Presidential Directive Threatens 2.5mbpd Target – PETAN
Recall that there are several reports that the Dangote Petroleum Refinery has been complaining of low crude supply despite the naira-for-crude deal, which has compelled it to source feedstock from the United States and even from neighbouring countries like Ghana and others.
In a related development, the Crude Oil Refiners Association of Nigeria (CORAN) has frequently lamented that some of its members’ modular refineries have had to shut down intermittently due to a lack of crude oil.
Between January and October, the CBN data shows that Nigeria’s crude production amounted to roughly 443.5 million barrels, averaging about 1.45 million barrels per day over the period.
The calculation of total production is derived directly from the CBN’s monthly figures, which are presented in million barrels per day.
To determine actual monthly production, the daily output was multiplied by the number of days in each month. For example, January’s production averaged 1.54 mbpd, and with 31 days in the month, the total production reached 47.74 million barrels.
February, with 28 days, saw daily production of 1.47 mbpd, translating into 41.16 million barrels for the month.
This method was applied consistently through October, taking into account the varying number of days per month.
Exports, on the other hand, remained closely aligned with production trends but consistently represented a significant proportion of total output.
January’s daily export averaged 1.09 mbpd, which over 31 days equals 33.79 million barrels shipped out. February exports of 1.02 mbpd over 28 days amounted to 28.56 million barrels, and the pattern continued through October.
Cumulatively, total exports over the 10 months reached approximately 306.7 million barrels, accounting for nearly 69 per cent of total production. This left roughly 137 million barrels available for the domestic market.
The monthly breakdown reveals both the production and export dynamics. Crude production started strong in January at 1.54 mbpd but declined to 1.40 mbpd in March before recovering modestly to 1.51 mbpd in June and July. The last three months of the period, August to October, saw production ease again, with September dipping to 1.39 mbpd and October stabilising at 1.40 mbpd.
Export volumes followed the same trend. Higher production months like June and July saw exports rise to 1.06 mbpd, while lower production months, such as March and September, recorded exports below 0.95 mbpd.
This imbalance between local consumption and exports exposes the tension among local refineries despite the domestic crude supply obligation. The Domestic Crude Supply Obligation is a Nigerian regulatory policy under the Petroleum Industry Act section 109, requiring upstream oil producers to allocate a portion of their crude production for local refining.
Enforced by the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission, the DCSO mandates that producers prioritise domestic demand over exports to strengthen national energy security, reduce reliance on imported products, and boost local refining capacity.
However, refiners said the DCSO implementation has been hampered by the ‘willing buyer, willing seller’ policy. While the country produces a significant quantity of crude, a majority of the output is directed to overseas markets. Domestic refiners, therefore, have to contend with limited allocations, forcing some plants to operate below capacity or delay operations.
It was observed that the shortfall does not stem from insufficient national production but from the seeming prioritisation of export revenue, which is seen as more lucrative due to dollar-denominated payments.
Energy
U.S. to Tweak LNG Safety Rules for Foreign Markets
With a view to accelerating infrastructure development and reducing operating costs, the U.S. Department of Transportation is contemplating a new set of safety regulations for liquefied natural gas facilities.
This is coming as American exporters prepare for another major expansion in global natural gas markets.
It was gathered that the proposal, issued by the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA), would modernize federal LNG safety requirements by incorporating standards developed by the National Fire Protection Association.
READ ALSO: Investors Embrace DPRP IPO Globally, 120 Countries, 54 African Nations
The changes are to address facility location, engineering, construction, operations, and maintenance, with greater flexibility to adopt newer technologies.
Transportation Secretary, Sean Duffy estimates that the updated framework could save LNG operators approximately $100 million annually while maintaining safety protections. The projected savings are an agency estimate, and the proposal has not yet become a final regulation.
The initiative comes as the United States strengthens its position as the world’s largest LNG exporter. American export capacity is expected to increase by approximately 100 million metric tons annually by the end of the decade, supported by projects already under development and additional planned investments.
Global LNG demand has also become more sensitive to geopolitical disruptions. Interruptions to Middle Eastern gas shipments associated with the conflict involving Iran have encouraged international buyers to evaluate alternative suppliers and diversify long-term procurement arrangements.
U.S. LNG developers have responded with additional investment commitments. Projects representing more than 50 million metric tons of annual capacity have reached final investment decisions since the beginning of 2025.
Major exporters, including Cheniere Energy and Venture Global, are pursuing additional development opportunities as federal policy places greater emphasis on expanding domestic energy infrastructure.
However, regulatory modernization does not eliminate the financial or operational challenges associated with LNG construction.
Developers must still secure the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) approvals, complete environmental reviews, arrange financing, and address potential legal challenges. Pipeline connections, specialized equipment availability, construction costs, and long-term customer contracts also influence project schedules.
Delfin LNG, which is developing a floating export facility, illustrates the importance of infrastructure safety approvals. Its associated pipeline has not received publicly confirmed PHMSA clearance to resume operations following an explosion earlier this year.
Separately, FERC has proposed a streamlined authorization framework for certain modifications and expansions at existing LNG facilities, including activities that could qualify for automatic approval or shortened review periods.
For energy investors, the combined regulatory initiatives could improve development visibility and reduce some costs, although their financial impact will depend on final requirements and individual project circumstances.
Additional LNG export capacity could support demand for U.S. natural gas production, particularly from major producing regions connected to Gulf Coast terminals.
Midstream operators, engineering companies, compression equipment manufacturers, and construction contractors could also benefit from continued infrastructure investment.
At the same time, greater export demand may increase domestic natural gas price sensitivity to international markets, creating different implications for producers, utilities, and industrial consumers.
Investors will be monitoring the final PHMSA regulations, FERC permitting developments, LNG project financing decisions, and the pace at which proposed export capacity enters commercial service.
Energy
NALPGAM Preaches Innovation, Safety to LPG Operators
The Nigerian Association of Liquefied Petroleum Gas Marketers (NALPGAM) has urged operators in Nigeria’s liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) industry to strengthen safety standards, improve regulatory compliance and adopt digital technologies to reduce operational losses and drive business growth.
The association said improved operational practices would help protect investments, enhance efficiency, build consumer confidence and support the sustainable expansion of C.
The call followed its 2026 webinar, themed “Downstream LPG Operational Excellence and Compliance,” which brought together industry operators, regulators and other stakeholders to discuss safety risks, market volatility, operational inefficiencies and regulatory requirements in the downstream LPG sector.
Speaking at the event, NALPGAM National President, Edu Inyang, said the industry’s long-term growth would depend on more than increased consumption and supply volumes, stressing the need to embed safety and operational efficiency in everyday business practices.
“The future of Nigeria’s LPG industry cannot be achieved by increasing volumes alone. We must grow safely, responsibly, efficiently and sustainably. Safety is not an occasional campaign; it must become a continuous industry culture,” he said.
READ ALSO: Tinubu Promises to Boost Local Production with NNPC Refineries
A major outcome of the webinar was a proposal for a NALPGAM Standard of Operational Excellence, anchored on four principles: safe and well-maintained facilities, competent and adequately trained operators, regulatory-compliant processes, and consumer protection.
Participants urged operators to integrate safety into routine operations, strengthen preventive maintenance and comply with licensing and incident-reporting requirements.
They also called for an end to unsafe practices, including unauthorised propane blending and illegal decanting, warning that such activities could expose businesses and consumers to avoidable risks.
Inyang said compliance should be viewed as a means of strengthening business performance rather than merely fulfilling regulatory obligations.
“Compliance is not merely a regulatory burden; it is a business advantage. Well-managed LPG operations reduce accidents, improve efficiency, protect investments and strengthen public confidence in our industry,” he said.
The webinar also highlighted the role of digital technologies in improving operational efficiency and accountability across the LPG value chain.
Participants identified smart filling systems, automated tank gauges, load cells, flow meters and vehicle-tracking systems as practical tools for monitoring product movements, reducing losses and improving inventory management.
Wider adoption of these technologies, they said, could help operators strengthen operational controls, minimise discrepancies and improve the reliability of LPG distribution.
The discussions come as Nigeria seeks to expand LPG consumption to approximately five million tonnes annually by 2030, a target that will require increased investment, stronger distribution networks and wider consumer access.
Stakeholders called for greater industry participation in the Decade of Gas LPG penetration programme, alongside stronger collaboration to expand access, improve cylinder traceability and promote certified local manufacturing.
The NALPGAM also urged regulators and programme coordinators to involve its members more actively in implementing LPG penetration and cylinder recirculation initiatives.
According to the association, its members’ nationwide presence and proximity to consumers could help improve the reach and effectiveness of programmes designed to increase LPG adoption.
Reiterating the association’s position, Inyang said the industry must establish clear operational standards that protect consumers while supporting efficient and sustainable business practices.
“Our aspiration is clear: every LPG facility must be safe and properly maintained, every operator competent and adequately trained, every process compliant, and every customer protected. This is the standard of operational excellence we must collectively pursue,” he said.
The NALPGAM reaffirmed its commitment to working with government agencies, regulators and industry stakeholders to develop a safer, more efficient and competitive LPG market.
The association maintained that embedding safety, strengthening compliance and deploying appropriate technologies would be critical to improving operational performance and supporting the long-term growth of Nigeria’s LPG industry.
Energy
Fears of Fresh US Strikes on Iran Fuels Crude Price Surge
Fears of renewed US military strikes on Iran and escalating threats to energy infrastructure across the Middle East heightened concerns about global crude supplies have pushed-up crude oil prices in the global market.
These factors pushed crude oil prices over $117 a barrel in the global market, even as oil theft and pipeline losses in Nigeria fell by 82.9 percent in five years, from 102,900 barrels per day (bpd) in 2021 to 17,600 bpd in the first seven months of 2026, amid fresh concerns about further increases in lost volumes after years of decline.
Nigeria’s oil benchmark, Brent crude, climbed by about 3.5 percent to cross $117 a barrel during trading before easing to just above $116, still up approximately 2.7 percent.
READ ALSO: Navy Uncovers 132,000 Litres of Stolen Crude Oil in Bonny
The latest rally followed reports that Washington was considering fresh military strikes against Iran after the November 3 midterm elections, raising concerns that the conflict, now in its eighth month, could escalate further rather than move towards a diplomatic resolution.
Iran had threatened to attack oil facilities, undersea cables, data centres and artificial intelligence infrastructure across the Gulf if the United States and Israel launched a new offensive against the country.
Recall that Brent crude traded at about $72 a barrel in February, before the war began, but surged to about $126 a barrel by the end of April as the conflict intensified and concerns mounted over supply security.
Tensions rose again during the week following claims by Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) that it struck four commercial vessels in the Strait of Hormuz on Wednesday.
The US ordered some diplomats and family members of American government employees to leave Saudi Arabia, which had faced continued attacks by Houthi rebels operating from Yemen.





